US Navy tape method, measurements in centimetres
Men: %fat = 495 ÷ (1.0324 − 0.19077·log10(waist − neck) + 0.15456·log10(height)) − 450
Women: %fat = 495 ÷ (1.29579 − 0.35004·log10(waist + hip − neck) + 0.22100·log10(height)) − 450
| Category | Men | Women |
|---|---|---|
| Essential fat | 2–5% | 10–13% |
| Athletic | 6–13% | 14–20% |
| Fit | 14–17% | 21–24% |
| Average | 18–24% | 25–31% |
| Above average | 25%+ | 32%+ |
- Measure the waist at the navel and the neck just below the larynx, tape snug but not compressing.
- Women need a hip measurement at the widest point; the male formula does not use it.
- Body fat says more than BMI, because it separates fat from muscle — the two can disagree sharply in athletes.
- Measure at the same time of day; a full stomach or bloating can shift the waist figure by a centimetre or two.